∙evacuating the population for a variable length of time; ∙restrictions on the self-consumption of foodstuffs produced locally; ∙checks on foodstuffs prior to marketing, in accordance with the maximum allowable levels of radioactive contamination defined at European level for the sale of foodstuffs. 1.3.2 Care and treatment of exposed persons In the event of a radiological emergency situation, a significant number of people could be contaminated by radionuclides. These persons shall be cared for by the emergency response teams duly trained and equipped for this type of operation. The Circular of 18 February 2011 regarding national doctrine for the use of emergency resources and care to deal with an act of terrorism using radioactive substances, specifies the provisions which also apply to a nuclear or radiological accident, and which aim to implement a unified nationwide methodology for the use of resources, in order to optimise efficiency. The Medical intervention following a nuclear or radiological event Guide, the first version of which was published in 2018, and the drafting of which was coordinated by ASN, accompanies Circular DHOS/HFD/DGSNR No. 2002/277 of 2 May 2002 concerning the organisation of medical care in the event of a nuclear or radiological accident, giving all the information of use for the medical response teams in charge of collecting and transporting the injured, as well as for the hospital staff. Under the auspices of ASN, a new version of this Guide including the organisational changes made since 2008 and the new protocols and methods for treating contamination, was published in June 2023. 1.4 Understanding the long-term consequences The post-accident phase concerns the handling over a period of time of the consequences of long-term contamination of the environment by radioactive substances following a nuclear accident. It covers the handling of consequences that are varied (economic, health, environmental and social), by their nature complex and that need to be dealt with in the short, medium or even long term, with a view to returning to a situation considered to be acceptable. The procedure followed by the Codirpa, set up by ASN in 2005 at the request of the Prime Minister, led to the development of constituents of a first national doctrine for the post-accident management of a moderate scale nuclear accident leading to short-duration releases (less than 24 hours), published in 2012. Following the work done by Codirpa to take better account of the lessons learned from the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi NPP, Operating Experience Feedback (OEF) from emergency exercises, changes to the regulations and to the international recommendations, a new version of the recommendations for post-accident management of a nuclear accident was published in 2022. This document today constitutes the basis for post-accident management of a nuclear accident in France. It is intended for the local and national stakeholders concerned. Its purpose is to both incite these bodies to reflect upon the preparation for such a situation and guide them in the management of a real emergency. The work of Codirpa is continuing in order to supplement these recommendations, notably to take better account of accidents not involving nuclear reactors which could notably involve alpha radioactivity. The work currently being done by the Committee is also aiming to define strategies to reduce the contamination of an area affected by a radiological or nuclear accident related to management of the associated waste, while taking account of the implications for the various types of environments affected (urban, agricultural, forest, etc.). In addition and in accordance with the mandate from the Prime Minister dated 18 June 2020, the examination of the pertinence of the post-accident management doctrine in the event of releases of radioactive substances into aquatic environments, whether the sea, lakes or rivers, was started at the beginning of 2023. Continuing its approach which is to include the population in the drafting of Codirpa’s recommendations, ASN organised three citizen panel meetings in order to assess the understanding and acceptability of the protection measures and is collecting proposals from the populations concerned regarding Codirpa’s proposals with respect to management of the consequences of a nuclear accident. On 11 September and 2 October 2024, the population living around the Paluel and Penly NPPs were invited to participate in a discussion with ASN regarding management of the marine environment following a nuclear accident (see box below). On 2 December, with the support and participation of the Anccli and the CLIs of Cadarache, Marcoule and La Hague, video- conference discussions were organised on the consideration of accidents with releases of alpha emitters in the recommendations for the post-accident management of a nuclear accident, published in 2022. On these two subjects, and regardless of the form of the meeting (face to face or video-conference), feedback is positive for all the players: ASN receives feedback on the Codirpa’s proposals while raising the population’s awareness of the risk, and the public improves its knowledge and its emergency preparedness. Consequences of a nuclear accident on the marine environment: ASN meets the public To improve the population protection strategy in the wake of a nuclear accident, ASN wished to involve the stakeholders in Codirpa’s work, to ensure that it is understood and accepted. ASN and the Paluel-Penly Nuclear Local Information Committee (CLIN) thus organised two new citizen panels, on 11 September 2024 in Cany-Barville and 2 October 2024 in Petit-Caux, in order to collect the perceptions and expectations of the public living near a coastal nuclear installation. These discussions lasted 3 hours and enabled about 25 local residents to express their opinion on the post-accident management of a nuclear accident concerning the marine environment (applicability and acceptability of the terrestrial post-accident zoning for the marine environment, difficulties linked to shifting contamination and fish, etc.). The discussions were intense and will contribute to the drafting of Codirpa recommendations for the Government. Citizen panels on the consequences of a nuclear accident on the marine environment ASN Report on the state of nuclear safety and radiation protection in France in 2024 177 01 02 03 Radiological emergency and post-accident situations 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 AP
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